MUSANZE: Mafia na ruswa mu bibanza by’abaturage bitwaje master plan

Kuva mu ntangiriro z’ukwezi kwa kabiri uyu mwaka, mu midugudu 4 yo mu karere ka Musanze, harimo gukorerwa imirimo yo gukata ibibanza mu masambu yari asanzwe akoreshwa na bene yo nk’ubutaka bwo guhinga. Kuri ubu iki gikorwa kiba gisa n’icyarangiye mu mudugudu wa Gaturo, mu kagari ka Cyabagarura, Umurenge wa Musanze ahakaswe ibibanza birenga 900; kikaba gikomereje mu mudugudu wa Gakoro, Akagari ka Rwambogo naho ni mu murenge wa Musanze. Iki gikorwa kikazasorezwa mu mu midugudu ya Musezero na Nyamugari, yo mu kagari ka Kivumu, Umurenge wa Kimonyi. Ibibanza bizakatwa byose birenga ibihumbi 300, ku buso bugera kuri 250 ha, ku baturage barenga ibihumbi makumyabiri bari bahatuye banahakorera ibikorwa by’ubuhinzi. Ikinyamakuru Gasabo cyashatse kumenya imigendekere y’iki gikorwa maze gisura izi sites uko ari 4 zirimo gutunganywaho ibi bibanza maze abagenerwabikorwa b’uyu mushinga bayicira ku muzi ibibazo by’uruhuri byavutse mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa by’uyu mushinga wemejwe n’Akarere ka Musanze ku bufatanye n’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe imiturire RHA.

MASTER PLAN SHYA YASHYIZE MU GUTURA IGICE KININI CYAHAKORERWAGA UBUHINZI

Master plan nshya cy’Umujyi wa Musanze, yemejwe n’inama njyanama y’Akarere muri Kamena 2021. Iki gishushanyo kiri ku buso bwa Ha 7 288, ahagenewe guturwa hihariye 35%, ubuhinzi 22%, amapariki n’ubusitani byiharira 17% naho ibikorwaremezo byiharira 10%. Nk’uko byasobanuwe n’Uwari Perezida wa Nyanama icyo gihe gitangazwa, ngo hari ibice bitari byemewe guturwamo, nyamara mubigaragara inyubako zarahasatiriye, hakaba ahagenewe guterwa amashyamba ugasanga ari ahantu hasanzwe hatuwe, ngo ibi byose bikaba byaragiye bigaragazwa nk’imbogamizi zibangamiye inyungu rusange z’abaturage, muri master plan nshya birakosorwa.

Ibi nibyo byatumye imirenge ine yari isanzwe igize igice cy’umujyi wa Musanze , yariyongereye igera ku munani ariyo: Muhoza, Cyuve, Kimonyi, Nyange, Kinigi, Musanze, Gacaca n’agace gato ku murenge wa Shingiro.

Icyemezo cya Njyanama cyaje  urebye gica ukubiri na gahunda ya Leta y’uko ubutaka bwera butakomeza kwangizwa bushyirwaho inyubako, cyane ko kuba utuye mu mujyi bitakubuza gukora ibikorwa by’ubuhinzi. Byongeye kandi, hari uduce two mu mjyi wa Musanze, bizwi ko tutaberanye n’ubuhinzi , twakagombye kuba twarahiswemo ngo twagurirwemo umujyi aho kwangiza ubutaka bwiza bw’amakoro bwari busanzwe bweraho imyaka inyuranye.

NYUMA YO GUKORA URUGENDOSHURI MU MUJYI WA KIGALI, AKARERE, KU BWUMVIKANE N’ABATURAGE KATANGIJE UMUSHINGA WO GUKATA IBIBANZA MU MIDUGUDU INE Y’AKARERE.

Nk’uko twabibwiwe n’abazi neza iby’umushinga wo gukata ibibanza mu mujyi wa Musanze, ngo nyuma gato yaho master plan y’umujyi wa Musanze yemerejwe, akarere ka Musanze ku bufatanye na RHA, kahisemo gutekereza k’ukuntu katangira gutunganya ibibanza byo guturamo dore ko ibyari bihari muri uyu mujyi, byarushagaho kugenda biba ingume uko umwaka utashye. Ibi kandi byakozwe ngo mu rwego rwo kurwanya akajagari karangwa mu miturire cyane cyane igihe imihanda n’ibibanza bitakaswe rugikubita.

Ni ku bw’ibyo rero, kahisemo gukoresha urugendo shuri abakozi b’akarere n’abahagarariye abatuye ahazakorerwa uyu mushinga. Ahahiswemo ni mu mujyi wa Kigali kuri site ya Gahanga mu Karere ka Kicukiro. Urugendo rwarakozwe maze rurangiye ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ngo ku bwumvikane na za ntumwa bemeza gutangiza uyu mushinga muri ya midugudu, umushinga bawuterura uko wakabaye (copy paste) batitaye ku miterere yihariye y’imidugudu yo muri Musanze.

Nk’uko twabibwiwe n’umwe mubitabiriye uru rugendo shuri utarashatse ko amazina ye atangazwa ku mpamvu z’umutekano we, ngo iby’ingenzi bikubiye mu masezerano Akarere kagiranye na Rwiyemezamirimo uzatunganya izi sites ni :

1. Hazatunganywa sites zavuzwe haruguru, hakatwa ibibanza bifite ubuso bwa 300 m2;
2. Rwiyemezamirimo azishyurwa na buri wese mubatunganyirijwe ikibanza ku giciro cya 320 Frw kuri buri kibanza;
3. Buri muturage azatanga ubuso bungana na 10% kuri parcelle ye ngo haboneke ingurane ku batakaje byinshi hakatwa ibibanza;
4. Rwiyemezamirimo agomba gukomeza gucunga sites kugeza igihe ibibanza byose bigurishirijwe kandi ubugure bwose bw’ibibanza bunyura kuri we.

Ibi nibyo by’ingenzi ngo bigaragara muri ayo masezerano, usesenguye neza ukaba wabona ko haburamo uruhare rw’umuturage muri iki gikorwa, ese azasinyana amasezerano na Rwiyemeza bizagenda bite ku bazaba barangirijwe ibyabo.

UMUSHINGA UTAGIRA INYIGO MU RWEGO RUMWE NIYO UMUKURU W’IGIHUGU YAKOMOJEHO MU NAMA Y’UMUSHYIKIRANO IHERUKA

Abakurikiye inama y’umushyikirano yabaye muri Gashyantare uyu mwaka, ntibazibagirwa igisubizo ministre ushinzwe ikoranabuhanga yatanze, ubwo yiyemereraga ko umushinga bajyaniye abaterankunga, nta nyigo wari ufite. Nk’uko bigaragazwa n’amakuru yizewe twavanye aharimo gukorerwa uyu mushing,  hari byinshi bigaragaza ko uyu mushinga wo gukata ibibanza mu karere ka Musanze nawo nyigo na mba wigeze ukorerwa, akaba ari na gihamya ko wateruwe uko wakabaye uvanywe Gahanga. Reka tubabwire bimwe muri byo!

1. Abagenerwa bikorwa ntibigeze bameneyshwa ibikubiye mu masezerano yabo na Rwiyemezamirimo.

Benshi mubagenerwa bikorwa twaganiriye, bemeza ko ntacyo bazi ku bikubiye mu masezerano yakozwe na Rwiyemezamirimo, ko iyo babimenya batari bwemera ibiyakubiyemo cyane ko nta ngurane bumva bazahabwa. Ibivugwa ko intumwa zabo zabagejejeho ibyavuye mu rugendo shuri nabo bakabyemeza, bo bavuga ko aba bitwa ko babahagarariye batazi ukuntu bashyizweho kandi ko ibyo bakoze babikoze mu mazina yabo bwite, dore ko nta na hamwe hagaragara imikono y’aba baturage bemera ibikubiye muri ariya masezerano. Ibi bishobora kuzazana ibibazo cyane cyane mu gikorwa cyo kwishyuriza Rwiyemezamirimo, bamwe muri aba baturage bakazanga kwishyura, bitwaje ko nta masezerano bagiranye nawe. Ibyo gufatira amafranga yabo igihe habaye ihererekanya ry’ubutaka kugira ngo hishyurwe Rwiyemezamirimo ntibabikozwa kuko ngo ntibumva ukuntu bahomba ubutaka bwabo, bakongeraho no kuriha amafranga yo kubuherekeza.

 

2. Nta ngurane ku bangirijwe ibyabo

Nubwo hari amakuru akomeje guhwihwiswa ko hari icyo akarere kageneye abatakaje byinshi muri iki gikorwa cyane ko ubuso bwahagenewe imihanda ari bunini kubera ubuto bw’ibibanza, ibimenyetso bya mbere bigaragaza ko iyo ngurane ntayo kandi ko niyo yaboneka yaba ari intica ntikize. Impamvu nuko imihango yose iteganywa n’itegeko ryo muri 2015 rigena iyimurwa ry’abaturage kubera ibikorwa rusange itigze ibaho, harimo kubarura imitungo izangizwa.  Bimwe muri ibyo bihuha twabwiwe bigera ku baturage  ngo  nuko  abatakaje byinshi kubera imihanda, bazishyurwa ubutaka buzaboneka hifashishijwe ubutaka buzatangwa na buri muturage iki gikorwa kireba, ibintu abaturage badakozwa kuko benmeza ko bafite uburenganzira ku mutungo wabo, akaba ari nta n’amasezerano bigeze basinyana n’akarere kemeza ibyo bavuga.

3. Bizagora abari basanzwe batuye muri aya masites kwemererwa gushyiramo inyubako

Ibibanza byakaswe muri aya masites, abazabyubakamo bafite ibyo bagomba kuba bujuje harimo cyane cyane ibyangombwa byo kubaka n’imiterere y’inzu. Urebye urwego abasanzwe batuye muri aya masites bariho mu bijyanye n’umutungo, ntawabura kwemeza ko  muri bo, mbarwa aribo bashobora kuzuza ibisabwa ngo bashobore kubakamo inzu zo guturamo. Bivuze ko igipande kinini cy’aba baturage bagomba gushaka ubwabo iyo berekeza.

 

4. Abazashobora kugurisha ibibanza, amafranga ashobora kuzabapfira ubusa

Bamwe mubakomeje gushyigikira uyu mushinga, bemeza ko ibi bibanza bizinjiriza agatubutse bene byo, cyane ko nk’uko twabivuze haruguru, ibibanza bisigaye bikosha mu mujyi wa Musanze. Abavuga ibi biyibagiza ko aba baturage bazaba babonye aya mafranga, bizabagora nabo kubona ubundi butaka kubera ko ababushaka bazaba biyongereye, bikaba bitazaroha kubona ikibanza ndetse no kugishyiramo inyubako kuri aba baturage, hagakubitiraho n’ikibazo cyo kubona igitunga abagize imiryango izaba yimuwe.

Byongeye kandi abanyarwanda nibo bivugiye ko amafranga ari ibiryo bihiye, mu gihe abazabona ariya mafranga batafashwa mi icungwa ryayo, byazarangira bayakoresheje mu bindi bikorwa bitihutirwa cyane cyane nk’ibijyanye no kwishimisha.

 

Impuguke mu bijyanye n’iterambere ry’abaturage waganiriye na n’ikinyamakuru Gasabo, kuri iki kibazo , yagitangarije ko ari amakosa akomeye yakozwe n’akarere, igihe  kahitagamo gushyira uyu mushinga mu bikorwa katabanje kwiga neza ingaruka ( impact socio-economique)s zo gukata ibi bibanza mu mirima yari isanzwe itunze abaturiye ziriya site.

Yagize ati: “Biriya akarere ka Musanze kakoze  ni nko gufata abaturage ukabajugunya ngo birwarize, kandi inshingano za mbere z’umuyobozi ari kwita ku mibereho y’abaturage ashinzwe kuri ubu no mu gihe kizaza”. Yakomeje agira  Ati: “ Nko kubijyanye n’ingurane, ni uburenganzira bw’umuturage kuyihabwa igihe cyose yagize icyo atakaza kubera ibikorwa by’inyungu rusange, kuko yaba itegeko nshinga ribuza ivogera ry’umutungo w’umuturage naho itegeko ryo kwimura rigateganya uko bigenda ngo uwimuwe kubera inyungu rusange ahabwe ingurane”.

Naho ku bijyanye n’amikoro make ya bariya baturage badashobora kubaka muri ariya masite ndetse n’ikibazo cy’icungwa  ry’amafranga azava mu igurishwa ry’ibibanza byabo, iyi mpuguke yavuze ko byose byakagombye kuba byarateguwe, abazimurwa bagashakirwa ahantu hihariye hajyanye n’ubushobozi bwabo, maze bakubakamo inzu zo guturamo, ndetse bagashakirwa n’ubundi buryo bwatuma bashobora kubaho, mbese nk’uko byagenze kubaherutse kwimurwa mu gace ka Kinigi.. Yakomeje agira iti: “Ibirimo gukorwa n’akarere bishobora kuzabyara ibindi bibazo bikomeye kuko abimurwa aha nta handi hagenwe bagomba kwerekeza, aba bakazahinduka umutwaro kuri Leta igihe bazisanga mu bukene bukabije, bitewe no kuba hatarakozwe igenamigambi rinoze ribafasha kwibona mu buzima bwo mu mujyi bagiye kwinjiramo”.  Iyi mpuguke yarangije itubwira ko imishinga nk’iyi iba itarizwe neza, ishobora guteranya Leta n’Abaturage, kuko aba baturage babona ko Leta ibatererana, ko inyungu iba igamije ari iz’abifite, ko  idahangayikishijwe na gato n’ibibazo bya rubanda rugufi.

 

AKARERE NTUKUBAHIRIJE IBITEGANYWA N’AMATEGEKO

Twashatse kumenya icyo amategeko ateganya ku bijyanye n’ibi byo gukata ibibanza bya master plan y’umujyi, maze twifashisha Itegeko nshinga rya Repubulika y’ U Rwanda ryo muri 2003 ryavuguruwe muri 2015 ndetse n’itegeko ryo kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange ryo muri 2015.

Ingingo ya 35 y’itegeko Nshinga ivuga ku burenganzira ku mutungo bwite w’ubutaka igira iti: “ Umutungo bwite w’ubutaka n’ubundi burenganzira ku butaka bitangwa na Leta. Itegeko rigena uburyo bwo kubutanga, kubuhererekanya no kubukoresha”.

Ni muri urwo rwego ruri hagiyeho itegeko rigenga ubutaka mu Rwanda ( ryo muri 2021) ndetse n’itegeko ryo kwimura abantu kumpamvu z’inyungu rusange ryo muri 2015. Ingingo ya 6 y’iri tegeko rya nyuma ivuga ku mirimo igamije gushyira mu bikorwa ibishushanyo mbonera by’imitunganyirize y’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka. Igira iti : “

“Umuntu utangije igikorwa kigamije gushyira mu bikorwa ibishushanyombonera y’imitunganyirize y’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka agomba kubanza kumvikana na ba nyir’imitungo y’aho umushinga uzakorerwa.

Iyo ubwo bwumvikane butabaye, imihango ijyanye no kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange irakurikizwa bisabwe n’urwego rwimura n’uwatangije umushinga kandi hitabwa ku nyungu z’uwimurwa.

Ikiguzi cyangwa agaciro k’imitungo y’aho umushinga uzakorerwa cyishyurwa n’uwatangije umushinga mbere y’uko atangira kuwushyira mu bikorwa .

Ikibazo rero ahangaha ni ukumenya niba ubwumvikane buvugwa muri iyi ngingo bwarabayeho kuri uyu mushinga w’Akarere ka Musanze. Nk’uko twabivuze haruguru, abaturage ntibakozwa iby’amasezerano Akarere kemeza ko kagiranye n’aba baturage, ubwo iyo bigenze bityo abanyamategeko bo basaba ibimnyetso. Ese ayo masezerano yashyizweho umukono na buri ruhande muzivugwa muri ririya tegeko.

KOMITE Z’UBUTAKA Z’AMASITE ZAHAWE UBUBASHA BUTAJYANYE N’UBUSHOBOZI BWAZO

Kimwe mubikomeje gutera abaturage impungenge n’ukuntu komite z’amasite zishinzwe gushyira mu bikorwa uyu mushinga zashyizweho n’inshingano ziremereye zahawe zidahuje n’ubushobozi bw’abazigize. Bamwe mu baturage twaganiriye, bemeje ko batazi ukuntu abazigize bashyizweho, ko bamenye abazigize ari uko baberetswe n’Akarere. Bakomeje batubwira ko aba bazigize ari abaturage basanzwe harimo n’abatazi gusoma no kwandika ku buryo bizagora benshi muri bo kurangiza inshingano bahawe. Kandi koko nk’uko twabibwiwe n’umwe mubagize izo komite, ngo bafite inshingano zinyuranye harimo:

1. Gufasha mu gikorwa cyo gukata ibibanza, hagaragazwa aho imihanda izanyura. Kuri iyi nshingano ibibazo bikaba byaratangiye kwigaragaza kuko havugwa ruswa ikabije muri iki gikorwa (nk’uko tuza kubigarukaho ) abagize izi komite akaba nta kintu bakora ngo bakumire iyi ruswa;
2. Gukusanya ubutaka buzahabwa abazangizwa cyane ibyabo, no kububagabanya;
3. Gucunga amafranga azaatangwa n’abaturage igihe bagurishije ibibanza no guhemba rwiyemezamirimo.

Iyi ni imirimo ikomeye, ku buryo n’abanyamategeko babyize, byabagora gukora izi nshingano cyane ko bizwi ko mu Rwanda ibibazo by’amasambu biri mu bya mbere bikurura amakimbirane.

 

RUSWA IRIMO KUVUZA UBUHUHA

Hejuru y’ibi bibazo tuvuze haruguru, Ikinyamakuru Gasabo cyamenye ko hari ruswa yo mu rwego rwo hejuru irimo gutangwa mu ikatwa ry’ibi bibanza. Abifite, bakaba bahitamo guha akantu Rwiyemezamirimo kugira ngo igishushanyo ( physical plan) gihindurwe hagamijwe kurengera ibibanza byabo biba byagonzwe n’imihanda. Umwe mu baturage utuye muri site ya Gaturo, yatangarije ikinyamakuru Gasabo, ko abakozi b’uyu Rwiyemezamirimo, birirwa bakira ruswa kugira ngo imihanda iyobwe cyane ko benshi muri baturage baba batazi imiterere y’iyo physical plan. Yagize ati: “ aba birirwana iyi mashini  birirwa bahindagura iki gishushanyo mbonera igihe cyose bahawe akantu, ku buryo hari n’abadatinya kwishyura ibihumbi Magana atatu bityo umuhanda ntube ukinyuze mu kwabo, ukimurirwa kuwo bahana imbibe”. Yakomeje agira ati : ‘ nanjye bashatse kubikora mu gitari cyanjye ariko ntibakamenye ko mfite physical plan y’iyi site, maze bahita bahagarika amanyanga bari bagiye gukora.” Akomeza avuga nanone ko abaturage bakorewe aka karengane ari benshi, we kubwe akaba afite azi abagera kuri batandatu akaba yiteguye kubagaragariza akarere.

 

Undi muturage utarashatse kwivuga izina  n’aho atuye kubera impamvu z’umutekano we, yatangarije Gasabo ko yakorewe akarengane gakabije igihe isambu ye yanyuzwagamo umuhanda udasobanutse, ugiye ku muturanyi we gusa. Yagie ati : “ Ibi byo guca umuhanda ugiye ku muturage umwe, twabiherukaga ku ngoma zo hambere, aho ba Bourgmestre na ba Konseye, bategekaga abaturage kubakorera imihanda igiye mu mago yabo gusa. Yakomeje atubwira ati : uyu muhanda mubona, ufite 50m kandi ugarukiye k’uyu muturanyi, icyo gishushanyo cyaba kigaragaza umuhanda wa 50m nta bindi bibanza ugiyeho, ni gishushanyo gati ki? Hakomeje kwibazwa kandi impamvu akarere kohereza Rwiyemezamirimo mu butaka bw’abaturage, ntikagene umukozi uhoraho uzakorana na Rwiyemezamirimo, yakira ibibazo byose byavuka mu ikatwa ry’ibi bibanza.

 

Ikindi kibazo twasanze muri site zirimo gukorwa nuko ubu abaturage babujijwe guhinga ngo bategereze imashini ibanze ikate ibibanza, none bakaba bashobora gukererwa ihinga kuri utwo dupariseri tuzasigara. Abashoboye guhinga bo babwiwe ko byanze bikunze imyaka yabo izarandurwa.

 

BARATABAZA UMUKURU W’IGIHUGU

Ibibazo byavutse muri uyu mushinga w’Akarere ka Musanze ni uruhuri, byose bikaba bikomoka ku kuba uyu mushinga warateruwe uko wakabaye, ukopewe mu mujyi wa Kigali. Ibi nibyo bamwe baheraho bemeza ko uyu mushinga ukwiye guhagarikwa mu maguru mashya, kubera ko ishyirwa mu bikorwa byawo, rizatera ibibazo bikomeye mu baturage nk’uko twabigaragaje mbere. Abandi bo, babona ko Guverinoma, ikuriwe na Ministere y’intebe, yari ikwiye guhaguruka ikareba imiterere y’uyu mushinga, ikaba yawunososora  cyangwa ikawuburizamo burundu, ibintu bitaragera irudubi.

Abaturage twaganiriye bo basa n’abariye karungu, baremeza ko byanze bikunze ikibazo cyabo bagomba kukigeza ku Mukuru w’igihugu. Batubwiye ko urebye akarengane karimo kubakorerwa, inzego zinyuranye zirebera ( Intara, abadepite, minaloc), babona ko Umukuru w’igihugu ariwe wenyine washobora kubarenganura. Bagize bati: “Turahangayitse kubera ubuzima bwacu n’ubw’imiryango yacu kuko tubona nta hazaza hacu n’urubyaro rwacu. Bati:” Umukuru w’igihugu wenyine niwe washobora kudutabara tugashakirwa ahandi tuzerekeza kubera ko ibyo gutura kuri ubu butaka dusanga bidashoboka. Bakongera bati:” Perezida KAGAME niwe wenyine dusigaranye ngo abe yadutabara kugira ngo abasizwe iheruheru n’iki kimashini, batagize na kimwe baramura, nabo bahabwe ubutabera, maze babone icyo gutunga imiryango yabo”.

Amakuru yizewe yageze ku kinyamakuru Gasabo, nuko bamwe mubaturage bo muri ariya masites atandukanye, batangiye kwegeranya imikono, mu rwego rwo kwitegura kuzageza ikibazo cy’abo ku Mukuru w’Igihugu.

Ikinyamakuru Gasabo kandi gifite amakuru nanone yizewe,  ko hari abatangiye gusahaka abunganizi mu nkiko, bazabafasha gukurikirana uyu Rwiyemezamirimo wavogereye ubutaka bwabo  kandi nta masezerano bagiranye, ibyo kuba yaroherejwe n’Akarere ngo nta gihamya babifitiye.

Ngayo ng’uko iby’uyu mushinga w’umuterurano, ikinyamakuru Gasabo kikazakomeza kubagezaho imigendekere y’uyu mushinga uko kizabishobora.

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